A gharana is a place where a great ustad and pandit settled
and started teaching his students. The patronage of the Mughal rulers to arts
brought forth many talents from different parts of north India. Musicians would
travel around, performing in different courts, until they found popularity in one
region and settled there. In order to carry on his fame, a maestro would then
invite students to live with him and learn his techniques and style. Thus, a
gharana was widely acceptes that the status of gharana was given to only those
who had at least three generations of students. The gharana became famous of
the name of the place or the founder guru.
Gharana Description
Agra gharana The khyal gharana of
agra is amoung the oldest. It came into existance during
13th century. Agra Gharana was popularised by Ustad Faiyaz
Khan. Alakhdas
And were the early singers of this school, but its refined from was
brought
Forward by Miya Tansen’s contemporary Haji Sujan Khan.
Jaipur-Atrauki Gharana
Muhammad Ali Khan is considered as the properent of khyal singing. His
son
Ashiq khan became the famous singer. The most distinctive feature of
this
Gharana Is its complex and melodic from
which arises out of the involuted
And undulating phrases that comprise the piece.
Benares Gharana Tappansinging style is an
important component of this gharana . this gharana
Is famous for both singing and instrument playing. The singers of this gharan
Are also known for khyal singing. Similarly the table players of benaras
Gharana developed their uniue style. Famous proponents of this school
are
1.
Pakhawaj and murdang players pandit madan mohan
of benaras, pandit bholanath Pathak and pandit amarnath Mishra etc.
2.
Sarangi players shambhu, Shishir, gopal Mishra, hanuman
prasad Mishra ,Narayan Vinayak etc. banarasi thumri and khyal singing are
notable features of banaras school.
3.
Tabla players pandit kantha maharaj ,pandit
anokhela, pandit kishan maharaj, pandit gudai maharaj
Betiya gharana the betiya gharana of Bihar
was dedicated to singing of dhrupad in the royal
Court of betiya during the 19th century . As this gharana is
related directly to
The Tansen , hence it can be considered to be a branch of the senia
gharana.
Bhendi gharana khyal is the speciality of
the Bhendi Bazar gharana of Maharashtra. Ustad
Chhaju
khan is called the founder of this school are-Ustad Aman Ali ,Anjabibai
Malpekar, lata Mangeshkar, Shashikala koratkar
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